-----------
Input file:
-----------
$ cat file.txt
FR 24
AA 33
EE 34
EE 46
BE 30
AA 31
DE 90
AL 10
AA 50
FR 67
EE 94
AA 80
NK 80
---------
Required:
---------
Insert a newline after every 3 lines of the above file. i.e. required output:
FR 24
AA 33
EE 34
EE 46
BE 30
AA 31
DE 90
AL 10
AA 50
FR 67
EE 94
AA 80
NK 80
----------
Solutions:
----------
a) Using awk:
$ awk '!( NR % 3 ) {$0 = $0"\n"} 1' file.txt
Which is same as:
$ awk '!( NR % 3 ) {$0 = $0"\n"} {print}' file.txt
b) A UNIX bash script to achieve this:
#!/bin/sh
c=0
while read line
do
((s=c%3))
if [ "$s" -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "\n$line"
else
echo "$line"
fi
((c=c+1))
done < file.txt | sed '1d'
Following if-else block
if [ "$s" -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "\n$line"
else
echo "$line"
fi
can also be written as:
[ "$s" -eq 0 ] && echo -e "\n$line" || echo "$line"
---------------------------
Any other alternative ?
---------------------------
Feel free to comment any other alternative to achieve this, much appreciated, thanks.
Related posts:
- UNIX Bash while loop sum issue explained
- Difference between awk NR and FNR
Posts
11 comments:
Using sed:
sed 'n;n;G' file.txt
@Paul, great solution, thanks. As I understood from one of the tutorial sed 'G' adds a new line to the pattern space, and copies the hold space after the new line. Thanks again.
The same result can be achieved using vim editor:
:%s/\v(.*\n){3}/&\r
Some what complicated to understand though, but in place editing with vim right..:)
@Adithya, thanks very much for this very useful vim tip. All your tips are really of great help.
when using GNU sed you can also use
sed '0~3G'
Hi Jadu,
May be you can help me on this , I am regular visitor of your blog from Switzerland. I have an issue
how to ignore this error message
syntax error on line 1, teletype
EXPIRE=`echo $current_date - $lastpass | /bin/bc`
I am writing a script for password notification based on the last password change and for that I need to change the date value to days.
It's Solaris box.
Rgds
Naveen
@Linux/Unix/System Admin etc,
Hey nice to know that you are a regular reader of unstableme.blogspot.com. Thanks.
I don't have Solaris OS to test this, but looks like "syntax error on line 1, teletype" is usually thrown by "bc" utility. Not sure if either $current_date or $lastpass has a illegal value. Could you please echo both the numbers for a test
echo $current_date
echo $lastpass
Thanks.
Thanks for the reply , I managed somehow....to ignore teletype error message.
if [ "a" != "a${lastpass}" ]; then
EXPIRE=`echo $current_date - $lastpass | /bin/bc`
else
echo "$userid has Empty Date"
fi
@Naveen, thanks for sharing that.
As I mentioned here : http://unstableme.blogspot.com/2007/06/double-brackets-for-arithmetic.html
you can also do the following for arithmetic evaluation:
((EXPIRE=current_date-lastpass))
Regards,
Jadu
> Insert a newline after every 3 lines of the above file.
> ---------------------------
> Any other alternative ?
> ---------------------------
> Feel free to comment any other alternative to achieve this, much appreciated...
perl -pe '$\ = $. % 3 ? "" : "\n"' yourfile
awk '{ORS = NR % 3 ? "\n" : "\n\n"}1' yourfile
sed -e '$!N;$!{N;G;}' yourfile
< file.txt sed -e 's/.*/[&]/' |
dc -e "
[q]sq
[[]p]sa
[? z 0 =q p l.1+ds.3% 0 =a c l?x]s?
0s. l?x
"
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